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Sleeping Positions
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Showing posts with label Scientific Thoughts. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Scientific Thoughts. Show all posts
Courtesy: Funzug
Higgs Boson: GOD Particle
There is a big news about the Big Bang today when physicists claimed the 'discovery' of what could be the famed Higgs boson, the so-called 'God particle'. But what exactly is it and why is it important?
The experts at Cern (home of the Large Hadron Collider) have confirmed they may have found the so-called God particle.
What is it ?
The Higgs boson was summoned into theoretical existence to plug a hole in the "standard model" of particle physics. The model has been hugely successful – it can provide explanations and make predictions about how the counter-intuitive quantum world of particles works. But it couldn’t explain one thing – why the universe has mass. It’s a crucial omission because, without it, there’s no gravity and without gravity, the rolling soup of particles spat out by the Big Bang would never have coalesced to form the stars and planets. In fact, nothing would exist.
The Higgs boson is seen as the answer to this problem. It is the physical emissary of an all-pervading field that interacts with matter to give it the mass that the universe so desperately needs.
If we can’t find the Higgs, it means that there is an entirely new set of as yet undiscovered truths waiting to be uncovered – and that’s almost more mesmerising.
The Higgs boson is seen as the answer to this problem. It is the physical emissary of an all-pervading field that interacts with matter to give it the mass that the universe so desperately needs.
If we can’t find the Higgs, it means that there is an entirely new set of as yet undiscovered truths waiting to be uncovered – and that’s almost more mesmerising.
Higg's Theory
The Higgs field is the proposed answer to this mismatch between our equations and what we see. The Higgs field fills all of space, and as the particles try to move through it, their interactions with it cause them to appear to have mass. This slows them down and allows them to bind together into the familiar forms of matter which we observe. This is a completely different picture of nature than the one we instinctively imagine – instead of matter having its own intrinsic properties, and moving about in empty space, many of the properties of matter are actually only due to its interactions with an invisible, all-pervasive field. The properties of “empty” space are crucial to the physicist’s understanding of the world.
The troubling case of the missing mass to explain how things work at a quantum level, physics has the so-called 'standard model'.
Matter don't have enough mass to account for the mass of the whole. It's tike building a spaceship from six Lego blocks that each weigh one gram and discovering the spaceship weighs 500 grams — something doesn't add up. To make matters worse, the standard model says that all matter was born without mass in the Big Bang. So where mass come from?
Matter don't have enough mass to account for the mass of the whole. It's tike building a spaceship from six Lego blocks that each weigh one gram and discovering the spaceship weighs 500 grams — something doesn't add up. To make matters worse, the standard model says that all matter was born without mass in the Big Bang. So where mass come from?
According to the standard model, every object we see or touch is made up of matter, which has mass, and all matter is made up of atoms. Protons and neutrons are orbited by a cloud of electrons. Protons and neutrons are made up quarks and gluons etc
Enter Higgs To explain this, a group of physicists, including Peter Higgs, proposed that the universe is permeated by a sort of invisible force field. As particles travel through this 'Higgs field' they interact with it and appear to acquire mass — the greater the interaction with the field, the greater their mass.
So is Higgs afield or a particle? We know from quantum theory that every field has an associated particle (the so-called 'force carrier'). This force-carrier acts like a messenger that transmits the effect of the field to the particle
So if there is field, a Higgs field, there must be a Higgs particle — since these force-carriers are called 'bosons', this is called the Higgs boson
Enter Higgs To explain this, a group of physicists, including Peter Higgs, proposed that the universe is permeated by a sort of invisible force field. As particles travel through this 'Higgs field' they interact with it and appear to acquire mass — the greater the interaction with the field, the greater their mass.
So is Higgs afield or a particle? We know from quantum theory that every field has an associated particle (the so-called 'force carrier'). This force-carrier acts like a messenger that transmits the effect of the field to the particle
So if there is field, a Higgs field, there must be a Higgs particle — since these force-carriers are called 'bosons', this is called the Higgs boson
Philadelphia Experiment - Unified Field Theory
The subject of the so-called "Philadelphia Experiment" originally created quite a stir in the late 70s. At a time when the Bermuda Triangle, cattle mutilation, and Pyramid Power were attracting much attention, the Philadelphia Experiment carved out its own niche in the weird science field. Almost twenty years after its debut in the general public's awareness, however, little is currently available on the subject. A search of two major chain bookstores, and two decent libraries, turned up nothing on the shelves. Eventually a library was able to special order ONE book, published in 1979, from another branch. "The Philadelphia Experiment: Project Invisibility," Allende's main statements/writings can be summarized thusly:
1. Dr. Albert Einstein's Unified Field Theory was in fact completed in 1925-7, but Dr. Einstein withdrew it because he was allegedly "horrified" by the possible uses it might be put to by a mankind not yet ready for it. This, according to Allende, could be confirmed by "Dr. B. Russell."2. During World War II, the concepts of the Unified Field Theory were tested by the Navy, "with a view to any and every possible quick use of it, if feasible, in a very short time." Someone called Dr. Franklin Reno, a man Allende refers to as "my friend," allegedly had something to do with producing "results" at this stage of the game.3. The "results" thus produced were used to achieve "complete invisibility of a ship, destroyer type, and all of its crew, while at sea (October, 1943)" by means of some sort of energy or force field which had been created around the ship. The men on the ship were apparently able to see one another vaguely, but all that could be seen by anyone outside of the field was "the clearly defined shape of the ship's hull in the water." The effects of this invisibility-creating force field upon the men involved were, according to Allende, "disastrous." The experiment, he says, was a complete success, but the men were complete failures!4. There was a special berth for the experimental ship at the Philadelphia Navy Yard.5. A small item once appeared in a Philadelphia newspaper which would verify the tale. This supposedly described the "sailors" activities after their initial voyage" when they "raided" a local bar, allegedly the "Seamens Lounge," and where they presumably were either still exhibiting the effects of the field, or proceeded to discuss the experiment in such graphic terms that it terrified the waitresses. One is left to assume that the Shore Patrol was called and that some reporter picked up the story and wrote it up without quite believing it.6. Rear Admiral Rawson Bennett, Navy Chief of Research, could supposedly verify that the experiment had in fact occurred.7. The experimental ship also somehow mysteriously disappeared from its Philadelphia dock and showed up only minutes later in the Norfolk area. It then subsequently vanished again only to reappear at its Philadelphia dock. Total elapsed time a matter of minutes. Allende said he only heard about this phase of it, and that may have been as late as 1946 "after the experiments were discontinued.8. Allende indicated that the Office of Naval Research was under the direction of "the present (at the time of the letter--1956) boss of the Navy, Burke" at the time that the force-field experiments were conducted, and that it was because of his "curiosity and willingness and prompting that this experiment was enabled to be carried out." This Burke was described by Allende as a man who possessed a very positive attitude towards research.9.According to the Department of the Navy, in a document dated July 23, 1976, "As for the Philadelphia Experiment itself, ONR (Office of Naval Research) has never conducted any investigations on invisibility, either in 1943 or at any other time. In view of present scientific knowledge, our scientists do not believe that such an experiment could be possible except in the realm of science fiction, A scientific discovery of such import, if it had in fact occurred, could hardly remain secret for such a long time."
1. Dr. Albert Einstein's Unified Field Theory was in fact completed in 1925-7, but Dr. Einstein withdrew it because he was allegedly "horrified" by the possible uses it might be put to by a mankind not yet ready for it. This, according to Allende, could be confirmed by "Dr. B. Russell."2. During World War II, the concepts of the Unified Field Theory were tested by the Navy, "with a view to any and every possible quick use of it, if feasible, in a very short time." Someone called Dr. Franklin Reno, a man Allende refers to as "my friend," allegedly had something to do with producing "results" at this stage of the game.3. The "results" thus produced were used to achieve "complete invisibility of a ship, destroyer type, and all of its crew, while at sea (October, 1943)" by means of some sort of energy or force field which had been created around the ship. The men on the ship were apparently able to see one another vaguely, but all that could be seen by anyone outside of the field was "the clearly defined shape of the ship's hull in the water." The effects of this invisibility-creating force field upon the men involved were, according to Allende, "disastrous." The experiment, he says, was a complete success, but the men were complete failures!4. There was a special berth for the experimental ship at the Philadelphia Navy Yard.5. A small item once appeared in a Philadelphia newspaper which would verify the tale. This supposedly described the "sailors" activities after their initial voyage" when they "raided" a local bar, allegedly the "Seamens Lounge," and where they presumably were either still exhibiting the effects of the field, or proceeded to discuss the experiment in such graphic terms that it terrified the waitresses. One is left to assume that the Shore Patrol was called and that some reporter picked up the story and wrote it up without quite believing it.6. Rear Admiral Rawson Bennett, Navy Chief of Research, could supposedly verify that the experiment had in fact occurred.7. The experimental ship also somehow mysteriously disappeared from its Philadelphia dock and showed up only minutes later in the Norfolk area. It then subsequently vanished again only to reappear at its Philadelphia dock. Total elapsed time a matter of minutes. Allende said he only heard about this phase of it, and that may have been as late as 1946 "after the experiments were discontinued.8. Allende indicated that the Office of Naval Research was under the direction of "the present (at the time of the letter--1956) boss of the Navy, Burke" at the time that the force-field experiments were conducted, and that it was because of his "curiosity and willingness and prompting that this experiment was enabled to be carried out." This Burke was described by Allende as a man who possessed a very positive attitude towards research.9.According to the Department of the Navy, in a document dated July 23, 1976, "As for the Philadelphia Experiment itself, ONR (Office of Naval Research) has never conducted any investigations on invisibility, either in 1943 or at any other time. In view of present scientific knowledge, our scientists do not believe that such an experiment could be possible except in the realm of science fiction, A scientific discovery of such import, if it had in fact occurred, could hardly remain secret for such a long time."
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